This presentation provides an overview of Vygotsky’s cultural-historical psychology as an ambitious and revolutionary project of the science and the practice of a “superman” in the making. Finding the “way to freedom” as one of the central goals of such psychology is discussed against its Nietzchean and Humboldtian background. The presentation concludes with the analysis of Vygotsky’s struggle for cross-disciplinary synthesis and the complexities of establishing the bio-social and cultural-historical developmental psychology of culture and consciousness.